What equipment and its functional purposes for PCBA production process

Printed Circuit Board (PCB’A ‘) is the abbreviation of Printed Circuit Board +Assembly (PCB’A ‘). Printed Circuit Board (PCB’A ‘) is the abbreviation of Printed Circuit Board +Assembly (PCB’A ‘). Printed Circuit Board (PCB’A ‘) is the abbreviation of Printed Circuit Board +Assembly. This is called the official idiom.
In the process of PCBA production, need to rely on a lot of machinery and equipment to complete the assembly of a PCB board, often a factory machinery and equipment quality level directly determines the PCBA production capacity. This paper mainly introduces the PCBA processing plant in the PCBA production of the need for some of the main equipment.
The basic equipment needed for PCBA production includes cleaning machine, automatic plate splitter, solder paste printing machine, patch machine, reflow soldering, AOI detector, component foot cutting machine, wave soldering, tin furnace, plate washing machine, X-ray detection equipment, ICT test fixture, FCT function test fixture, aging test rack, etc., and PCBA processing plant of different sizes. The equipment it is equipped with will vary.

PCBA main production equipment:

1. The cleaning machine
   PCB board is not strictly cleaned when leaving the factory, and a large amount of debris and dust remain on PCB board surface, edge, through hole and other places; PCB board is easy to generate static electricity in the process of processing, which makes it easy to cause static electricity damage or dust adsorption in SMT process. Dust and other foreign matter can cause PCB printing defects and welding defects such as dummy welding, air welding, element warping and deflection. Cleaning the PCB board before entering the printing press can prevent and reduce the generation of defective products, improve the quality, and achieve the purpose of enhancing product reliability.
2. Solder paste printing press
   Modern solder paste printing machine generally consists of plate loading, solder paste adding, embossing, circuit board feeding and other mechanisms. Its working principle is: first, the printed circuit board is fixed on the printing positioning platform, and then the left and right scraper of the printing machine will leak the solder paste or red glue through the steel mesh to the corresponding solder pad, and the PCB with uniform leakage will be input to the mounting machine through the transmission platform for automatic stacking.
3. Placement machine
   Mounting Machine: Also known as “Mount machine”, “Surface Mount System”, in the production line, it is installed after the solder paste press, by moving the Mount head to place the Mount components accurately on the PCB pad. It is divided into manual and automatic two kinds. Fully automatic and divided into general machine, low, medium, high speed chip machine. Finally, the good PCB with the attached components will be transported to reflow soldering after sampling inspection on the visual inspection transmission platform.
   4. Reflow soldering
   A heating circuit inside the reflow solder is used to heat air or nitrogen to a high enough temperature and blow it to the circuit board where the component has been attached so that the solder on both sides of the component will melt and bond to the motherboard. The advantages of this process are that the temperature is easily controlled, oxidation is avoided during welding, and manufacturing costs are more easily controlled
4. AOI detector
   AOI (Automatic Optic Inspection) is the full name of Automatic optical Inspection, is based on the optical principle to detect the common defects encountered in welding production equipment. AOI is a new emerging testing technology, but the rapid development, many manufacturers have launched AOI testing equipment. When automatic detection, the machine will scan the PCB automatically through the camera, collect images, compare the tested solder joints with the qualified parameters in the database, check out the defects on the PCB after image processing, and display/mark the defects through the display or automatic signs for maintenance personnel to repair.
5. Component foot cutting machine
   Used for trimming and deforming pin components.
6. Wave soldering
   Wave soldering is to make the welding surface of the plug-in plate directly contact with the high temperature liquid tin to achieve the purpose of welding, the high temperature liquid tin to maintain a bevel, and by a special device to form a similar wave of liquid tin phenomenon, so it is called “wave soldering”, the main material is the solder bar.
7. Tin furnace
   In general, tin furnace refers to a welding tool used in electronic welding. For discrete component circuit board welding consistency is good, easy to operate, fast, high efficiency, is a good helper for your production and processing.
8. Machine wash
   Used for cleaning PCBA board, can remove the residue after welding board.

10.ICT test fixture
ICT Test is mainly used to detect the open circuit, short circuit and welding of all parts of PCBA by testing the Test points that the probe contacts with PCB layout.

11.FCT test fixture
FCT (Functional Test) It refers to the Test on the UUT: Unit Under Test